A group of six young Portuguese individuals, ranging in age from 11 to 24, have filed a groundbreaking lawsuit against 32 governments, including all EU member states, the UK, Norway, Russia, Switzerland, and Turkey. They accuse these countries of not taking sufficient action on climate change and failing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Paris Agreement's target of limiting global warming to 1.5°C.

As BBC reports, the case, filed at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg, is the first of its kind and could have legally binding consequences for the governments involved if successful. The claimants argue that the forest fires occurring in Portugal since 2017 are a direct result of global warming, and they claim that their fundamental human rights are being violated due to governments' reluctance to combat climate change.

These young individuals have experienced significant impacts, including extreme temperatures forcing them indoors, limiting their activities, and causing health issues such as eco-anxiety, allergies, and respiratory conditions. None of them are seeking financial compensation.

The governments involved argue that the claimants have not adequately proven that their suffering is a direct consequence of climate change or wildfires. However, if the case is successful, it could legally bind the 32 governments to increase their climate actions by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and phasing out fossil fuels.

The ruling would also influence domestic courts dealing with climate change-related cases, providing guidance on addressing climate issues and human rights. A verdict is expected in nine to 18 months.

This case represents a significant step in holding governments accountable for their actions (or inactions) in addressing climate change and its impact on human rights, and it has the potential to drive policy changes and encourage more substantial climate action.